Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics, despite its origins centuries ago, remains the cornerstone for understanding phenomena at subatomic scales.

Wave-particle duality, the principle that entities such as electrons, photons, and even molecules manifests as both particle-like and wave-like behaviour depending on how it is observed. This dual nature is mathematically formalised through the Schrödinger equation, describing how the quantum state of a system evolves over time, a concept vital for calculating probabilities of finding a particle in a given state.