Quantum tunnelling (control)

Quantum tunnelling control operates on the principle that particles - such as electrons - can pass through energy barriers that would be insurmountable under classical physics. The existence of this phenomenon is rooted in the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics, where particles do not have definite positions or momenta, but rather exist as wave functions spread over space. The key to quantum tunnelling control lies in manipulating these wave functions to increase the likelihood of tunnelling events in a controlled manner, which has paved the way for a host of applications previously thought unattainable.

In practical terms, by altering the properties of the potential barriers - such as their height, width, or even their temporal dynamics - it becomes possible to enhance or suppress tunnelling behaviour at will. Quantum states can be precisely engineered using external fields (e.g., electric, magnetic and gravitic) or by designing specific material structures at nanoscale such as quantum dots or superlattices.